Polymorphisms of Phase I and Phase II Enzymes and Breast Cancer Risk. Frontiers in Genetics, vol
The hAMY 3 R cells were cultured in growth medium consisting of DMEM (Gibco, #31966-021) supplemented with 10% v/v FBS (Gibco, #16140-071), 1% v/v Penicillin-Streptomycin (Gibco, #15140-122), 0.5 mg/mL Geneticin G418 (Gibco, #10131-027), 0.4 mg/mL Hygromycin (Invitrogen, #10687010) and 250 nM Methotrexate (Sigma, A6770)
These results were corroborated by experiments using the mitophagy inhibitor Mdivi-1
An observation of potential importance for future research and treatment development is that the ME/CFS and long COVID groups tested in this study differed in terms of their brain neurochemistry measured by MRS
Key takeaways Glutathione is a powerful antioxidant made from three amino acids (glutamine, glycine, and cysteine) that can become depleted due to poor diet, chronic disease, stress, and aging