You may be at higher risk if you: Follow a vegan or vegetarian diet Eat very little meat, fish, eggs, or dairy Are over the age of 50 Have digestive conditions affecting absorption Take certain medications, such as metformin or acid-reducing medicines Have had certain stomach or bowel surgery Have pernicious anaemia or absorption problems People in higher-risk groups may benefit from advice, testing, or treatment depending on their symptoms and medical history
Many of the studies available are case reports or clinical trials with small sample sizes or short durations
The FDA removed 12 substances from Category 2 effective April 22, 2026 because the nominations were withdrawn by the nominators, not because the FDA cleared anything removal does not place a substance in Category 1 or on the 503A bulks list, so these compounds now sit in no FDA category at all
Sermorelin is a prescription-only peptide , compounded in licensed pharmacies and available through physician-supervised programs
The WHOs guideline may influence future payer decisions, especially in countries with national health systems