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Theres no guarantee that tranexamic acid will work for you - and generally it has been thought of as a last resort of sorts for treating the melasma cases that are resistant to laser therapy and other medications, because it does have potential side effects, whereas laser therapy does not
For individuals with minimal subcutaneous tissue, discussing injection technique with a provider can reduce discomfort significantly
The peptide works through several mechanisms: it upregulates growth factor expression (particularly VEGF), promotes angiogenesis (the formation of new blood vessels at injury sites) [5,12] , modulates the nitric oxide system, and supports the FAK-paxillin pathway, which governs cell migration to damaged tissue
These effects often persist as long as the medication is taken