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Given that skeletal muscle is the major site of carnitine storage within the body, and that maintaining hypercarnitinemia for 5h in the presence of hyperinsulinemia increases skeletal muscle TC accumulation (other Stephens Group studies), it is not unreasonable to suggest that this greater retention occurred mainly in this tissue. Given that the increase in muscle carnitine content following a single dose, or 2 weeks, of L-carnitine feeding in the presence of elevated circulating insulin is likely to be small due to the poor bioavailability of orally administered L-carnitine (less then 20%), muscle carnitine accumulation was estimated indirectly from measurements of plasma and urinary carnitine concentration
The dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) assay kit, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity assay kit (WST-1 method), peroxidase (POD) activity assay kit, HE staining kit and modified Safranin O-Fast Green cartilage staining kit were purchased from Solarbio (Beijing, China)
Jung et al., 2018
A genome-wide methylation analysis revealed that high IMF levels were highly correlated with the hypermethylation of the promoters of three genes: ATP binding cassette subfamily A member 1 ( ABCA1 ), COL6A1 , and glutathione S-transferase theta 1-like ( GSTT1L )
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