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Chlorogenic acid inhibited APAP-induced activation of caspase-3 and caspase-7, JNK, ERK1/2, and upstream molecular signaling of p38 MAPKs in animals, including apoptosis signal-regulated kinase 1 (ASK1), c-Raf, and Mitogen-activated protein kinases MEK1/2, MKK3/6 and MKK4 (Wei et al., 2018)