Clin Pharmacol Ther 2007;83:471-6

Key Points Native human GLP-1 normalizes hyperglycaemia in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, but the short in vivo half-life of this hormone limits its therapeutic application A number of synthetic GLP-1 receptor agonists, with half-lives between 23 h and several days, have been developed for the long-term treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus Short-acting GLP-1 receptor agonists (such as exenatide and lixisenatide) predominantly lower postprandial glucose levels and insulin concentrations via retardation of gastric emptying Long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonists (such as albiglutide, dulaglutide, exenatide long-acting release and liraglutide) predominantly lower blood glucose levels through stimulation of insulin secretion and reduction of glucagon levels Adverse effects of GLP-1 receptor agonists include nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea, injection-site reactions, antibody formation and increased heart rate This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution Access options Subscribe to this journal Receive 12 print issues and online access 119.00 per year only 9.92 per issue Buy this article Purchase on SpringerLink Instant access to the full article PDF

Endocrinology 153 , 57355745 (2012)
Jump to: Quick comparison | How each service works | Clinical evidence | Support and coaching | Nutrition approach | Pricing | Who should choose each | Frequently asked questions | Take home message WeightWatchers and Second Nature both offer programmes designed to support people taking GLP-1 weight-loss medications, but they work in fundamentally different ways
While both glutamine and Liposomal L-Glutathione reduced offer health benefits, they are distinct compounds with different roles in the body