Mechanistically, metformin may activate Nrf2 through multiple pathways, including AMPK activation, inhibition of GSK-3mediated Nrf2 degradation, and modulation of intracellular redox homeostasis, all of which facilitate Nrf2 nuclear translocation and subsequent induction of downstream antioxidant genes 48,49
It supports skeletal integrity by stimulating osteoblasts, inhibiting osteoclasts, and maintaining calciumphosphate homeostasis, thereby reducing fracture risk
Compounded medications are prepared by state-licensed 503A pharmacies and are not reviewed by the FDA for safety, effectiveness, or quality before marketing
**Due to vial size limitations, Tiers 1, 2 and 3 plans will receive the same total mg, but will have different dosing instructions
Increases elasticity and reduces facial lines