Gastrointestinal pathology, dysfunction, or surgery, including gluten enteropathy or sprue, small bowel bacterial overgrowth, total or partial gastrectomy
A 2025 meta-analysis of 16 studies involving 6,098 participants found no statistically significant difference between intramuscular, oral, and sublingual B12 supplementation routes
The 5mg dose offers 5 times the strength of the 1mg
Regular B12 injections at our practice can protect your visual health
Any therapeutic use occurs under physician supervision as off-label research application requiring comprehensive informed consent, medical monitoring, and understanding that the peptide is not an approved pharmaceutical agent