Effects of GIP include: Increases insulin sensitivity, allowing better glucose absorption
Tests in bacteria, cells, and mice all came back negative, suggesting the compound does not pose carcinogenic risk through DNA damage mechanisms
Although brain infarction volume reduction did not reach statistical significance, motor performance in the rotarod test significantly recovered in DSIP-treated animals compared to vehicle controls confirming a functionally relevant neuroprotective effect at the behavioural level and establishing intranasal delivery as a viable route for CNS DSIP research
Fourth, MR requires stringent assumptions, i.e., the genetic variants are associated with the exposure, no confounders of the associations of the genetic variants with the outcomes exist, and the genetic variants are not associated with the outcomes other than via affecting the relevant exposure (no pleiotropy) [17]
Only three pilot studies have examined BPC-157 in humans, and long-term safety data does not exist