Peptides are largely broken down by digestive enzymes in the gastrointestinal tract before they can be absorbed intact, meaning oral peptide supplements typically have very poor bioavailability and may produce little or no physiological effect
Preclinical studies have shown it may help decrease infarct volume, reduce brain edema, and preserve neuronal integrity in TBI models
It is recommended that adults over the age of 50 increase their sources of vitamin B12 through diet, fortified foods, B12 shots, or other supplements that can increase their B12 consumption. (By The National Institutes of Health) GASTROINTESTINAL ISSUES AND B12 SHOTS Persons who have gastrointestinal issues are particularly predisposed to issues with B12 deficiencies
Their efficacy has not been confirmed by FDA-approved research, and they are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease
Reported or proposed issue Pregnancy, breastfeeding, children, liver disease, or cancer history Evidence source No direct human safety data Known or theoretical